ROUTER SWITCH CONFIGURATION USING PACKET TRACER GNS3

-
How to configure Ospf Routing Protocol and Connect Areas
OSPF-Open Short Path First,It is a Open Standard Routing Protocol
Link State Routing Protocol
Algorithm -Dijkistra,To find shortest path
Administrativ Distance-110
Metric- 10^8/Bandwidth
Incremental Update
Load Balancing Maximum 6 (Default 4)
It knows Network topology
Router ID-Initializes OSPF Process
Fast convergence
Timers
Hello-10
Dead-40
Wait-40
Retransmit-5
Step 1:Create topology
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxH3UHDt0s6gwU43PFiejENqQ0_kCoEEyNXauaCeALbhngvZpHHTEb0hifzCoft4LcUvpe10mjQCaBV-JZ98T9_X0edsJzA6r4JNjnGT9ef8tuE9PFvg60KG_KfZvbWe78hjM6I-QQ_80/s640/1.jpg
Step 2:Cofigure ip address to all interfaces






In Router R1,

R1(config)#interface fastethernet 2/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface serial 1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit

In Router R2,

R2(config)#interface serial 1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface serial 1/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit

In Router R3,

R3(config)#
R3(config)#interface serial 1/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit


R3(config)#
R3(config)#interface fastethernet 2/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 40.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit

Step 3:Now,Enable ip routing by configuring ospf routing protocol in all routers,

In Router R1,

 R1(config)#router ospf 1
 R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
 R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 3
 R1(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
 R1(config-router)#exit

In Router R2,

R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
R2(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#exit

In Router R3,

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 2
R3(config-router)#exit

You have to configure router id when we configure ospf.It is used to identify the router




Step 4:Now check routing table of R1,

Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
C     20.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1/0
O IA 40.0.0.0/8 [110/129] via 20.0.0.2, 00:04:23, Serial1/0
O IA 30.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 20.0.0.2, 00:07:29, Serial1/0

Here,R2 knows Area 0.Network 20.0.0.0 connected to R2 from R1,So R1 learns networks through this network.

R3(config)#router ospf 1, Here, 1 is Process ID, it can be 1-65535.It initializes ospf process.
       
There must be one interface up to keep ospf process up.So its better to configure loopback address to routers.It is a virtual interface never goes down once we configured.

R1(config-if)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.252 255.255.0.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#interface loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.253 255.255.0.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#interface loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.254 255.255.0.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown


Step 5:Now ,Check Routing table of R3,

R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O IA 20.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 30.0.0.1, 00:18:58, Serial1/0
C    40.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
C    30.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1/0
Here,R3 doesn't know about the area 3 so we have to create virtual link between R1 and R2

Step 6:Create virtual link between R1,R2,by this we create a virtual link to connect area 3 to area 0.

In Router R1,

R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R1(config-router)#
*Feb 10 10:29:23.767: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on OSPF_VL0 from LOADING to FULL, Loadi
ng Done

In Rotuer R2

*Feb 10 10:28:59.543: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual-link but not found from 20.0.0.1, Serial1/0a
*Feb 10 10:29:09.535: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual-link but not found from 20.0.0.1, Serial1/0.1.1
R2(config-router)#
R2(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#
*Feb 10 10:29:19.667: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL0 from LOADING to FULL, Loadi
ng Done

Step 7:R2 and R3 get updates about Area 3 .Now,Check routing table of R3,

R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O IA 20.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 30.0.0.1, 00:01:56, Serial1/0
C    40.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
O IA 10.0.0.0/8 [110/129] via 30.0.0.1, 00:01:56, Serial1/0
C     30.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1/0

Step 8:Check connectivity between host 10.0.0.10 to 40.0.0.10

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiafl4ZEaHzLn06B2a4MOW9Rp8bjxksXn5uNUuVfIan1AHKYDZv50FMjWW4d8l3gnrnbCQ-KEBA7770EMQZLdHPWQIzY81kH6jiPijK6-kQbJh2UPSGkE4d-Cp0EsBKcYwJzrJ0-8Xa8iQ/s640/2.jpg




Trouble shooting

R3#show ip protocols
R3#show ip route ospf
R3#show ip ospf neighbors detail
R3#show ip ospf database
R3#show ip ospf interface


How to configure Ospf Routing Protocol and Connect Areas
OSPF-Open Short Path First,It is a Open Standard Routing Protocol

Link State Routing Protocol
Algorithm -Dijkistra,To find shortest path
Administrativ Distance-110
Metric- 10^8/Bandwidth
Incremental Update
Load Balancing Maximum 6 (Default 4)
It knows Network topology
Router ID-Initializes OSPF Process
Fast convergence
Timers
Hello-10
Dead-40
Wait-40
Retransmit-5

Step 1:Create topology like below

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxH3UHDt0s6gwU43PFiejENqQ0_kCoEEyNXauaCeALbhngvZpHHTEb0hifzCoft4LcUvpe10mjQCaBV-JZ98T9_X0edsJzA6r4JNjnGT9ef8tuE9PFvg60KG_KfZvbWe78hjM6I-QQ_80/s640/1.jpg

Step 2:Cofigure ip addres to all interfaces

In Router R1,

R1(config)#interface fastethernet 2/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#interface serial 1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit

In Router R2,

R2(config)#interface serial 1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 20.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit


R2(config)#interface serial 1/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit


In Router R3,

R3(config)#
R3(config)#interface serial 1/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 30.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#
R3(config)#interface fastethernet 2/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 40.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit

Step 3:Now,Enable ip routing by configuring ospf routing protocol in all routers,

In Router R1,

 R1(config)#router ospf 1
 R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
 R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 3
 R1(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
 R1(config-router)#exit


In Router R2,

R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
R2(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#exit

In Router R3,

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 30.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 40.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 2
R3(config-router)#exit

You have to configure router id when we configure ospf.It is used to identify the router

Step 4:Now check routing table of R1,

Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
C     20.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1/0
O IA 40.0.0.0/8 [110/129] via 20.0.0.2, 00:04:23, Serial1/0
O IA 30.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 20.0.0.2, 00:07:29, Serial1/0


Here,R2 knows Area 0.Network 20.0.0.0 connected to R2 from R1,So R1 learns networks through this network.

R3(config)#router ospf 1, Here, 1 is Process ID, it can be 1-65535.It initializes ospf process.
       
There must be one interface up to keep ospf process up.So its better to configure loopback address to routers.It is a virtual interface never goes down once we configured.

R1(config-if)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.252 255.255.0.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#interface loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.253 255.255.0.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#interface loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.254 255.255.0.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown

Step 5:Now ,Check Routing table of R3,

R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O IA 20.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 30.0.0.1, 00:18:58, Serial1/0
C    40.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
C    30.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1/0


Here,R3 doesn't know about the area 3 so we have to create virtual link between R1 and R2
Step 6:Create virtual link between R1,R2,by this we create a virtual link to connect area 3 to area 0.

In Router R1,

R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R1(config-router)#
*Feb 10 10:29:23.767: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on OSPF_VL0 from LOADING to FULL, Loadi
ng Done

In Rotuer R2,

*Feb 10 10:28:59.543: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual-link but not found from 20.0.0.1, Serial1/0a
*Feb 10 10:29:09.535: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual-link but not found from 20.0.0.1, Serial1/0.1.1

R2(config-router)#
R2(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#

*Feb 10 10:29:19.667: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL0 from LOADING to FULL, Loadi
ng Done

Step 7:R2 and R3 get updates about Area 3 .Now,Check routing table of R3,

R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O IA 20.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 30.0.0.1, 00:01:56, Serial1/0
C    40.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
O IA 10.0.0.0/8 [110/129] via 30.0.0.1, 00:01:56, Serial1/0
C     30.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1/0

Step 8:Check connectivity between host 10.0.0.10 to 40.0.0.10

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiafl4ZEaHzLn06B2a4MOW9Rp8bjxksXn5uNUuVfIan1AHKYDZv50FMjWW4d8l3gnrnbCQ-KEBA7770EMQZLdHPWQIzY81kH6jiPijK6-kQbJh2UPSGkE4d-Cp0EsBKcYwJzrJ0-8Xa8iQ/s640/2.jpg


Trouble shooting
R3#show ip protocols
R3#show ip route ospf
R3#show ip ospf neighbors detail
R3#show ip ospf database
R3#show ip ospf interface

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Overview of FAT, HPFS, and NTFS File Systems

-
Image
Overview of FAT, HPFS, and NTFS File Systems Summary This article explains the differences between FAT, HPFS, and NTFS under Windows NT, and their advantages and disadvantages. It is divided into the following sections: FAT Overview HPFS Overview NTFS Overview NOTE: HPFS is only supported under Windows NT versions 3.1, 3.5, and 3.51. Windows NT 4.0 does not support and cannot access HPFS partitions. Also, the FAT32 file system is only supported in the Windows 98/95 and Windows 2000. More Information FAT OVERVIEW FAT is by far the most simplistic of the file systems supported by Windows NT. The FAT file system is characterized by the file allocation table (FAT), which is really a table that resides at the very "top" of the volume. To protect the volume, two copies of the FAT are kept in case one becomes damaged. In addition, the FAT tables and the root directory must be stored in a fixed location so that the system's boot files can be
Read more

Microsoft- Operating System Version

-
The Version API Helper functions are used to determine the version of the operating system that is currently running. For more information, see Getting the System Version. The following table summarizes the most recent operating system version numbers. Operating system Version number Windows 10 10.0* Windows Server 2016 10.0* Windows 8.1 6.3* Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3* Windows 8 6.2 Windows Server 2012 6.2 Windows 7 6.1 Windows Server 2008 R2 6.1 Windows Server 2008 6.0 Windows Vista 6.0 Windows Server 2003 R2 5.2 Windows Server 2003 5.2 Windows XP 64-Bit Edition 5.2 Windows XP 5.1 Windows 2000 5.0 *  For applications that have been manifested for Windows 8.1 or Windows 10. Applications not manifested for Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 will return the Windows 8 OS version value (6.2). To manifest your applications for Windows 8.1 or Windows 10. Identifying the current operating system is usually not the best way to determine whether a particular operating sys
Read more

ABOUT BUSY WIN SOFTWARE

-
Introduction Busy Infotech Pvt. Ltd. is a sister concern of Digitronics Infosolutions Pvt. Ltd. It was incorporated on 12th of August 1997 essentially to focus on development & marketing of business accounting software under the trademark of Busy, which was hitherto being undertaken as software division of Digitronics. Digitronics was founded on 17th of Sep 1990 by a group of computer professionals with the primary objective of providing professional IT services including third-party maintenance of PCs and Peripherals, customized software solutions and turnkey IT projects. Presently, besides these activities, Digitronics is also a leading player in sales of branded PCs and distribution of IT Products. BUSY was launched at IT' ASIA' 94 held at pragati maidan, New Delhi and has received an overwhelming response since then. It has an installation base of over 1,50,000 including the prestigious ones like World Bank, India International center, All India management Ass
Read more